Electrical system for autovehicles.



R. VARLEY.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHIC LES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1912.

1,177,370, I Patented Mar. 28,1916.

FIG. 1

WITNESSES INVENTOR rm: COLUMBIA rumomuum cu., WASHINGTON, o. \n

R. VARLEY.

ELEGTRlCALSYSTi-IM FOR AUTOVEHICLES.

APPLICATION FlLED-JUNE17.1912.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MM?? 7711, 114 w W I R. VARLEY. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1912.

1 1 77,370 Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

5SHEETSSHEET 3. c0 w FIG. 3

FIG. 4

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 50., WASHINGTOMD. c.

R VARLEY.-

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHICLES APPLLCATION FILED 1UNE17,!912.

Paiented.fiian 28,1916.

s sHEETs-SHEET4. lumm INVENTOR. (FM v" 7% WITNESSES. wmew R. VARLEY.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHlCLES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE H, \912.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5.

INVENTOR.

WITN E5555.-

coLuMmA PLANOGRAPH c0. \vAsl UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD VARLEY, 0F ENGLEW'OOD, JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO VARLEY DUPLEX MAGNETCOMPANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHICLES.

Application fi1ed June 17, 1912.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RICHARD VARLEY, a citizenof the United States of America, residing at Fnglewood, in the county ofBergen and vented new and useful Improvements in Electrical Systems forAutovehicles, of which the following is a full, clear, 2111Cl6X actdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, whichform part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and improved electrical apparatus which isadapted to a variety of uses but which is'more particularly intended toconstitute a part of the equipment of autovehicles, such as automobiles,motor boats, and similar vehicles, and it aims to provide a simple andefficient electrical equipment which in its, preferred embodimentcontemplates a dual system including therein a light or work circuitwhereby the vehicle and attachments used thereon may be illuminated, andmeans for igniting the explosive charges in the propelling engine.

It is the practice to provide for the illumination of an autovchicle bythe installation thereon of an electrical generator posi tively drivenfrom the shaft of the propelling engine and it is also common practiceto ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinders of the engine throughthe intermediary of spark plugs mounted in the cylinders and energizedby means of a magneto or similar or other apparatus.

One of the main objects of my invention to provide a work and ignitionsystem the elements of which shall have such interrelative propertiesand actions that variations in the voltage of the work circuit will liemimmized, and substantially constant maintenance of the voltage in saidcircuit obtained, and efficient high potential sparks will be initiallyand at all other operative times developed at the spark plugs. Itherefore overcome the well known diiiiculty of securing anon-fluctuating voltage in the work circuit and also a high potentialspark atthe plugs, especially during the initial turning or the startingof the engine.

.-2 further object of my invention is to provide a system having a workcircuit con nected ith a generator and battery or accumulator, combinedwith which is an au- Specification of Letters Patent.

State of New Jersey, have in- Patented Mar. 28, 1916. Serial No.704,258.

toinatic device for disconnecting the battery from the generator whenthe engine which drives said generator is abruptly stopped, so as toprevent short circuiting or counter action of the battery through thegenerator, and to furnish means for enabling the armature of thegenerator to rotate or run free should the engine he suddenly stopped,thereby averting transmission of injurious strains to the generator.

I also aim to so combine the different parts and circuits of the systemas to render the requisite apparatus exceedingly compact, a desideratumin autovehicle construction in view of the limited space available,especially in automobiles.

IVhile I have stated that my invention preferably takes the form of adual or interdependent work and ignition system, I do not desire tolimit myself thereto, as the work and ignition elements have novelfeatures separate and apart from one another. These features, as well asthose above broadly indicated, will be hereinafter more fully described.

The arrangements of parts and circuits and windings on the generatorunit, hereinafter referredto, may be changed by those skilled in the artwithout departing from my invention, and I do not therefore desire tolimitmyself thereto.

Figure 1 is a partial top plan view of an autovehicle chassis, havingapplied thereto apparatus pertaining to my invention; Fig. 2 is afrontelevation of a duplex generator which forms part of the preferredconstruction embodying my invention; Fig. 8 is a longitudinal verticalsectional view of the duplex generator and certain of the elementsassociated therewith; Fig. i is a transverse section of the generator,taken on the line 4.4t of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of thegenerator and of the distributer mechanism mounted thereon, the capportion which normally covers the distributor being broken away forpurposes of illustra tion; Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of thepreferred circuits and associated mechanism which may be employed in mysystem; Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the automatic device fordisconnecting the battery from the generator; Fig. 8 is a side elevationof said automatic disconnecting device; Fig. 9 is a rear view of thesame, the shaft being in section; and Fig. 10 is a bottom plan view ofthe switch and associated mechanism which is adapted to be operated bythe disconnect ing device.

Referring to Fig. 1, the frame 2 of an autovehicle has mounted thereonthe usual propelling engine 3. Mounted preferably directly on the frameof the engine is the frame 10f a generator,the details of constructionof which are clearly shown in Figs. 3 and 4:. This generator frame ispreferably substantially shell-like in contour and is provided with anintermediate cross-member or pole piece support 5 carrying an upturnedpole piece 6 which is diametrically disposed with respect to a dependingtop pole piece 7. The pole piece 6 may be relatively shallow, as shown,while the pole piece 7 is preferably extended compensatinglydownwardlyto accommodate the field winding disposed thereon, whichlatter will be hereinafter more fully described. The poles 6 and 7 formbetween them the magnetic field chamber for an armature 8, and in theformation of such field I may also employ the stub poles 9. Below themember 5 is a second or auxiliary armature 10 which is adapted to rotatebetween a pair of pole pieces 11, which are preferably extendedlaterally from the sides of the frame 1 so as not to unduly increase theheight of said frame.

The armature 8 has the shaft 12 thereof journaled at its forward end ina ballbearing 13 in the front end plate 14. of the generator frame andat the rear in the similar bearing 15 mounted in a bracket or standard16 secured to the frame. The stub shafts 17 and 18 of the lower armature10 are journaled in ball bearings 19 carried by the front end plate 11and by a rear end plate 20. Fastened to the shaft 17 is a spur gear 21(see Figs. 1 and 3) which is driven by a gear 22 on the engine shaftthrough the intermediary of an idler gear 23.

The engine shown (for purposes of illustration) represents a four cycletype and the ratio of the gears may be such as to drive the armature 10at the engine speed, thus securing synchronous association of ignitionapparatus and engine, as will be hereinafter more fully described. Fixedto the stub shaft 17 is a gear 2 1 meshing with a gear 25 on thearmature shaft 12. This latter gear has an operative or drivingconnecticn with the shaft 12 through a slip clutch or ratchet and pawlarrangement, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3; the ratchet 26 preferably beingkeyed to the shaft 12 and the pawls 26 being carried by the gear 25.

The shaft 18 of the lower armature 10 has fixed to it a gear 27 whichmeshes with a gear 28 carried by the insulating sleevelike h b 29 of adistributer arm 30. This h b 29 extends inwardly from the head 31 of thedistributer arm and has a bushing 32 which is journaled in the rear endplate 20. \Vithin the hub is a conductive pin 33 having the innerterminal head 31 between which and the current collector ring 35 of thearmature 10 are interposed two preferably alined brushes 36 and 37.These brushes are slidably mounted in a conductive sleeve 38 and areurged in opposite directions, into engagement with their respectivecontact pieces, by an interposed spring 39. The sleeve 38 is in turnmounted within an insulating sleeve 40 mounted in a socket or head 41,said socket interlocking with a lug 42 which depends from the bracket16. The socket 41 is capable of being swiveled around or turned topermit of adjustment or removal of the brushes 36 and 37 when the screw13 which clamps it against its lug is sufficiently loosened. Thecollector ring 34 is insulated from the armature 10 as at 1-1, andconnects with the winding of the armature through a connector 15 whichmay also be insulated by insulating material 16. The distributor arm 30may be of the construction usually found in magneto generators; the head31 thereof having a spring pressed contact 47 mounted in the arm andadapted for contact with the different segments 48 (see Figs. 5 and 6)within the insulating head piece e9, which segments are connected inignition capacity to spark plugs 50 in the cylinders of the engine in awell known manner. A suitable removable cap or cover piece 50 may beprovided for the distributer mechanism.

Fixedly secured to the outer end of the stub shaft 18 is a head orsupport 51 carr ing on its outer face a plate 52 insulated therefrom byinterposed insulation 52. The plate 52 is in contact with the taperedhead of a screw 53, threaded into disk 51, and surrounding the member 52is a cam plate or annulus 56 rotatably mounted on the generator frameand provided with two symmetrically disposed projections 57 which serve,upon rotation of the armature 10, to rock a bell crank lever 58, pivotedupon member 51, and separate an adjustable contact point 59 carried bysaid lever from a similar contact 60 mounted on and electricallyassociated with the plate for interrupting the circuit establishedtherethrough in a well known manner. A spring 60 pressing against thebell crank lever normally keeps the two contact pieces together.

having a suitable commutator 61 from which, when a circuit, hereafterdescribed, is closed, current is taken by brushes 62 and 63, asdiagrammatically indicated in Fig. 6.

- The lamp circuit 64, in which are shown a plurality of lamps 65preferably arranged in parallel, extends from the brush 62 to ground at66, and is completed through switch 67 and conductor 67 from ground 63to the brush63, when the switch 67 is closed, as hereinafter described.\Vhen the switch 67 is open the lamp circuit is completed through theground 7 3, battery 72 and the winding 71 of the generator field,hereinafter described. Switches 69 are indicated at various points inthis circuit for controlling the separate lights, and a main switch 69may also be provided to collectively control them.

Upon the extended pole piece 7 is a field winding 70, which, asindicated in Fig. 6, is in shunt across the brushes 62 and 63. Thesecond winding 71 also preferably disposed upon the pole piece 7, isconnected to the brush 62 and is in circuit with the battery oraccumulator 72. The windings 70 and 71 are so arranged that when theswitch 67 is closed and the voltage of the armature 8 is less than thatof the battery, the current from the battery flows through both windingsin such directions that the magneto motive force of the coils 70 and 71are added to one another. When the armature voltage exceeds that of thebattery, the current in the winding 71 flows in the reverse direction sothat its magneto motive force opposes that of the winding 70 and therebydecroa the magnetism in the field pole 7 The lower pole pieces of theauxiliary generator carry the windings 74: which are in energizingconnection with the upper generator unit and battery 72 through circuit75 which may be shunted across the brushes 62 and 63. The direction ofcurrent in the winding 74 on the pole piece 11 is the same as that inthe winding 70.

In the preferred form, as indicated in Fig. 6, the armature 10 isadapted to deliver alternating current, and I preferably establish. suchratio of gearing between the engine shaft and the armature 10 as willgenerate current pulsation of high potential in synchronism with thecompression strokes of the engine. To this end, the armature 1O mav haveboth a primary winding 7 6 associated with which is a secondary winding77. Howe er, I do not desire to limit myself to such an arrangement asit be greatly varied. In the arrangement shown the inner end of theprimary winding 76 is grounded on the armature 10 at 78; the oppositeend or junction between the primary and the secondary is connected bymeans of the screw 53 (see Fig. 3) to the plate 52 mounted on themember5l carried by the shaft 18. The usual condenser 65 is connected inparallel with the primary winding; said condenser being charged and discharged in a well known manner whenever the primary circuit isinterrupted. The armature is grounded, as indicated diagrammatically at7 9, and the contact 59 is also grounded through the frame of theapparatus by the lever 58, as at 80, this common grounding causing ashort circuiting of the primary winding when the contacts 59 and 60 arein engagement with one another.

The secondary winding 77 is preferably connected at 81 to the live endof the primary winding, while the opposite end is connected to thecollector ring 35 through connection 45, referred to in the detailed.description of the construction shown in Fig. 3. From the collector ringthe current passes through the brush 36, sleeve 38, brush 37 and lead(diagrammatically indicated) 81 to the arm 30 of the distrihuter fromwhere it traverses the successive contact segments 48 and the respectiveleads 82 which connect with the spark plugs 50, the latter beinggrounded through the cylinders, as at 83, in the usual manner.

The battery current, and more especially. of course, the voltagethereof, is such as to supply the lamp circuit without assistance fromthe generator. lVhen the armature 8 is being driven at a given speed,say 300 revolutions a minute, it will create an elec-' tromotive forcein excess of the battery voltage and deliver current to the lamp circuitand charge the battery as well as excite its own field by the winding70. \Vhen the lamps are lighted by battery current, a portion thereofflows from brush 62 through the lamp circuit to ground at 66 and thenceto ground at 73 back to the battery.

As previously noted, generative driving of the armature 8 will cause thecurrent to flow through the winding 71 in a direction opposed to that inthe winding 7 0. As the speed of the armature 8 increases, the voltagerises. A rise in voltage will produce a flow of charging current throughthe battery and as this charging current traverses the winding 71, itacts to demagnetize the field, thus restraining the rise in voltage dueto increased speed, and thereby operating to minimize or obviatevariation in the voltage of the light circuit.

To ener ize the field winding 74: when the armature S is not generatingsuflicient volta e and when the switch 67 is open, I provide a two pointswitch or a strap key or other suitable switch 84k having two normal.

contacts 85 and 85' completing the circuit I 75 of the windings 74 fromthe brush 62 to the brush 63. By depressing, or shifting the key of theswitch 84;, the connection be tween the winding 7 4; and brush 63 isopened or broken, and by shifting said key to a contact S5 connectionbetween the windings 7t and a ground 86 is established, permitting thebattery current to flow through the winding 74-, thus energizing thefield of the armature 10 without being heavily shunted through thearmature S and shunt winding 70. lVhen the key of the switch 84 isreleased or returned to normal position, the circuit from the brush 62through the winding 7% to brush 63, is reestablished through thecontacts 85 and S5, and the field of the armature 10 is energized bycurrent derived from the armature 8. The switch 8 is preferably formanual operation during act of cranking or starting of the engine.

Rotation of the armature 10 in the magnetic field of the poles 11, ofcourse, generates current in the primary inductive winding 76, whichcurrent, in the present case, passes through the interrupter mechanism,above described, to ground 80, returning to the opposite terminal ofsaid winding which is grounded to the armature at 78; the armature beinggrounded, as stated, as at 79. In other words, with the lever 58 closedthe primary circuit is short circuited. The condenser 55, as previouslystated, is in parallel with the primary winding. As is well known, thepotential of the current generated in the primary winding attains amaximum twice in each revolution, 2'. c. at each 180 degrees ofrotation, of

. the armature and the cam projections 57 are timed or set to separatethe contacts 59 and 60, in the manner above described, to interrupt theprimary circuit substantially at these maxima. The high potentialcurrent induced, through such interruption, in the secondary winding isdelivered to the respective spark plugs by the distributer mechanism;being collected from the ring by the brush 36 and passing through thedistributer arm 30 and a given segment 48 to the corresponding lead 82and spark plug 50 and from thence back through the armature 10.

By the means of the system of energizing the winding T-l of the field ofthe auxiliary generator, there is insured a dense magnetic fieldpreparatory to starting the engine, so that the secondaryinductivewinding of the armature 10 is capable of delivering a highpotential current at the spark plugs even upon initial rotation of saidarmature. I prefer to have the armature 10 thereof approach as closelyas possible the faces of the poles 11 so as to avoid the interpositionof an extended magnetically reluctant air space and I also dispose thepoles at such distance from the cross-member 5 and the base of the frameas to prevent those portions from inductively distorting the magneticfield.

Rotation of the armature 8 at increasing speed due to acceleration ofthe engine speed of course increases the voltage, but, as stated above,this tendency to running up of the voltage is counteracted or impeded bythe action of the second field winding 71. However, control is alsoexercised through a number of agencies residing in not only the director more immediate action of the winding 71 on the pole piece, as abovedescribed, but also in the magnetic characteristics of the field,evolved from the interrelative association of the upper and lowerarmatures and their fields. These characteristics consist in themutations of potential values of the magnetic flux of the field, whichtake place in the frame of the structure. Such conditions are somewhatlocalized in the cross member which carries the lip-turned pole piece ofthe upper unit, but are not restricted thereto as the frame may play, asin the present case, a part therein. As the voltage rises in the upperunit, the tendency is to increase the magnetic potential or lines offorce in the lower pole pieces 11. Part of these lines of force traversethe cross member (intermediate the upper and lower unit), while thelines of force in the magnetic field of the upper unit also traversethis cross member so that by this combined fluxing the cross memberbecomes readily saturated, in which condition it tends to oppose afurther and increasing passage of the lines of force over the normalpaths of the magneto frame. In the upper unit these lines of force arediverted or leak to the stub poles 9, while in the lower unit they arecaused to take more of a downward course through the base of the f tune,with the result that this lower portion of the frame also becomesreadily saturated and tends to oppose an increase in magnetic potential.To assist this control, I provide in the upper unit extended air gapsbetween the armature and the pole piece so as to provide magneticallyreluctant air spaces which provide further leakage of the flux. Themagnetic values or capacity of the cross-member 5 may, of course, beproportionally varied by employing different sized cross members. Theidea, however, is to make this cross-member as thin as is consonant withproper flux control, so as to not unduly enlarge or encumber theapparatus and increase its weight, but I do not desire to limit myselfto any particular size of cross-member as it mav be varied, as stated,without departing from my invention.

By means of the slip connection or drive 26 and 26, above described, thearmature 8 will be enabled to run free should the enginesuddenlv stop,thereby averting the transmission of injurious shocks to the generator,preventing sudden stopping of the armature and obviating the consequentliability of short circuiting the battery in the manner to behereinafter described. The slip clutch further relieves the strain inthe driving connection between the generator rotors, consequent uponradical sudden change in speed and to sudden stoppage of the engine.

In addition to the advantages previously set forth, which reside in theprovision of the slip drive, there is another result attained by itsprovision and existing through its relationship with the switch 67mentioned above. The switch 67 preferably comprises the stationarycontact 85 (see Figs. 7 8 and 9) and a movable switch contact member 86connected in the circuit 67 between the ground 68 and brush 63. Themember 86 is mounted on a suitable slidable base or block 87 whereby thesaid member 86 may be moved into and out of electrical engagement withcontact 85 on shiftable movement of the block 87. Carried by the member86 is a pin 88 which is adapted to be engaged by the cam faces of arotatable member 89 mounted on preferably the shaft 12 of the armature8. This member 89 comprises essentially a centrifugally expansibledevice composed of a main head or disk 90 having two symmetricallyformed shoe members 91 pivoted thereon at 92. One portion 93 of eachshoe is heavier than the remaining portion 94, the latter being coredout to obtain this result, and carried by the heavier portion 93 is theangular cam face 95 which, when the heavier side of the shoe is thrownoutwardly by centrifugal force, will engage the pin 88 of the switch 67and force the switch member 86 to circuit closing position. This closingtakes place when the shaft 12 has reached a certain determined speed,say 300 revolutions a minute. \Vhen the engine slows down to a speedbelow the circuit closing speed, the heavier part of the shoe willreturn to normal position and to assist this return I may employ acontractile spring 96 leading from lug 96 on the disk 90 and terminallyconnected to pins 97 carried by the shoes 91. The disk 90 has elongatedslots 98 through which the pins pass, so as to permit of movement ofsaid pins under the shiftable action of the shoes. The pins are alsotied together by the front straps or bars 97 so as to cause the twoshoes to operate in un son and to otherwise balance one another. Theopposite or lighter side of the shoes 91 is also formed with a cam faceoppositely angularly disposed to the face 95. hen the shoes return tonormal position so as to bring the lighter weight portion of the shoefrom a retracted position to an extended position, the cam face 99 willstrike the pin 88 and shift the movable member 96 of the switch to openor circuit breaking pos tion.

The pin 88 loosely fits the member 86 and is held in its extendedposition by the spring 88, whereby the pin is rendered yieldable so thatshould the shoes of the centrifugal member strike it a non-actuatingblow, it will yieldably give thereunder and not damage the switch.

A detent or spring pressed latch 100 may be employed to hold the switchmember 86 in either of the positions to which it is shifted by the cams.As shown, this detent cooperates with the latch-faced lug 101 carried bythe member 86.

If the engine slows down gradually the opening of the switch 67 by thecentrifugal device inevitably will be effected, but if the centrifugaldevice were to be stopped suddenly and so as to assume an inoperativeposition with respect to the switch 67 it would be possible for theengine to stop without having opened the switch in which case thebattery would remain connected to the upper generator, short circuitingand dissipating the battery current. The slip drive, however, providesagainst such possibility, for no matter how abruptly the engine bestopped, the battery current will cause the armature to continue torotate until the switch is automatically disconnected.

WVith the centrifugal device mounted on the shaft 12 the elements ofswitch 67 may be carried by the frame of the double generator. However,many ways of mounting and associating these members may be de visedwithout departing from my invention. It is also obvious that the slipconnection or clutch may be disposed in other positions than that shownand may be structurally changed, the object sought to be attainedthereby being that some element shall be free to rotate or move afterthe source of mechanical power has been rendered suddenly inoperative.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that I have provided acombined lighting and ignition system in which the ignition current isgenerated more eflicaciously than had heretofore been possible. andwhich, in addition, a current of substantiallv constant voltage isdeveloped in the lighting or work circuit. It will also be seen that theduplex generator and associated mechanism is compactly constructed andarranged so that the device may be installed on an automobile in theminimum of space. It'will also be understood that the feature ofcreating a dense field in the ignition generator to insure effectiveignition sparks during starting of the engine, is not to be limited tothe particular construct on shown but may find embodiment in other typesof generators, whether of a duplex construction such as described, or ofthe regular single unit generator.

The construction. parts, and ci cu ts shown are merely one of the manyembodiments which my invention may take, and I therefore do not desireto limit myself to those specific devices and arrangement of parts andcircuits, for

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is: r

1. An electrical system comprising an electric generator, a work circuitconnected therewith, ignition apparatus including an auxiliary electricgenerator, mechanical driving means for operatively driving the same,said generators each having a field winding, and winding energizingmeans common to both of said windings.

2. An electrical system comprising an electric generator, a work circuitconnected therewith, ignition apparatus including an auxiliary electricgenerator, field windings for each of said generators, and a source ofexcitin current common to the field windings of both of said generators.

3. An electrical system comprising a plurality of electric generators,each of said generators having a generative winding and a field winding,the field winding of one of said generators being in circuit with thegenerative winding of the other generator, and an auxiliary source ofexciting current for the field windings of both of said generators.

4. In an electrical system, a lighting generator, a lamp circuitconnected with said generator, an ignition generator, a battery, andspark producing apparatus cooperating with said ignition generator, saidignition generator having a field winding in circuit with said lightinggenerator and also in circuit with said battery.

5. In an electrical system, two co-acting generators having fieldexciting means, said means including a field winding for each of saidgenerators, and an accumulator in series with each of said windings, oneof said generators having a generative winding in circuit with both ofsaid field windings.

6. In an electrical system, two co-acting generators having fieldexciting means, said means including a field winding for each of saidgenerators, and an accumulator in series with each of said windings, oneof said generators having a generative winding in circuit with both ofsaid field windings, and said field windin being in parallel in saidlast mentioned circuit.

7. In an electrical system, a work circuit, a generator for electricallyenergizing the same. said generator having field exciting and fieldregulating means which include a field winding and an accumulator incircuit therewith, a second generator having means whereby current fromsaid accumulator may excite the magnetic field thereof, and drivingconnections between said generators.

S. In an electrical system, a work circuit,

a generator for electrically energizing the same. said generator havingcombined fiel'cl exciting and field regulating means which include afield winding and an accumulator in circuit therewith, a secondgenerator having means whereby current from said aocumulator may excitethe magnetic field thereof, and driving connections between saidgenerators, said generators having a magnetic part in common.

9. In an electrical system, a work circuit,

a generator for electrically energizing the same, said generator havingfield exciting and field regulating means, said means including anaccumulator, a second generator having means whereby current from saidaccumulator may excite the field thereof, driving connections betweensaid generators, and means to enable one generator to run free of theother.

10. In an electrical system, a unitary structure comprising two currentgenerating units, awork circuit connected to one of said generatingunits, spark producing apparatus including connections to the other ofsaid generating units, said last mentioned unit having a field windingin shunt across the generative winding of said other current generatingunit, and a battery also in circuit with said field winding.

11. In an electrical system, a work circuit, means for energizing andregulating the voltage of the same, comprising a generator and ignitionapparatus including a second generator, the fields of both of thegenerators being interrelated and commonly ex cited. x

12. In an electrical system, a work circuit, a generator therefor havinga rotary part of magnetic material, means for diverting therefrom aportion of the flux nor mally traversing said rotary part, to regulatethe voltage insaid work circuit, said means including a second generatorhaving parts of magnetic material, the flux action of which iscontrolled by the first generator, one of said generators having a fieldwinding and the other of said generators having a generative winding incircuit with said field winding, and a battery in circuit with saidfield winding.

13. In an electrical system, two generators, a battery, each of saidgenerators having a field winding and a generative winding, and meansfor bringing the battery in circuit with both of said field windings,and field windings of one generator further being in circuit with thegenerative winding of another of said generators.

14. In an electrical system, av source of current, a generator, a workcircuit connected with said generator, an ignition generator, sparkproducing apparatus cooperating with said ignition generator, theignition generator having a field winding in circuit with the firstgenerator, a source of mechanical power for said generators, a switchactuating means operable when one off said generators is driven at adetermined speed, and means co-acting with said switch actuating meansfor insuring the rc-actuation of said switch operating means wncn thespecs falls below the determined rate.

15. In an electrical system, a battery, a generator, a work circuitconnected with said generator, an ignition generator, spark producingapparatus cooperating with said ignition generator, the ignitiongenerator having a field winding in circuit with the first generator,and a so in. circuit with the battery, a source of mechanical. power forsaid generators, a switch in cir wi h the battery, switch actuatingmeans operable when one of said generators is driven at a determinedspeed, and means co-acting with said switch actuating means for insuringthe re-actuation oi said. switch operating means when-the speed fallsbelow the determined rate.

16. In an electrical system, a generator, a work circuit connectedtherewith, ignition apparatus including a generator, a rotative drivingconnection between the rotary elements of said generators, means forenabling one armature to rotate independently or the other, a switch incircuit with a generator, and means associatedwith one of the generatorsfor actuating said switch.

17. In an electrical system, two co-aeting generators having fieldexciting means, said means including a field winding for each of saidgenerators, an accumulator in series with each of said windings, aswitch in circuit with said accumulator, means for actuating the switchwhen the speed at which a generator is driven exceeds a determinedamount and for reversely actuating said switch when said speed is lessthan the de termined amount.

18. In an electrical system, two co-acting generators having fieldexciting means, said means including field winding for each of saidgenerators, an accumulator in serles with each of said windings, one ofsaid generators having an inductive winding in circuit with both of saidfield windings, a switch in circuit wi h said accun'iulator, means foractuating the switch when the speed at which the generator is driven ereceeds a determined amount and for reversely actuating said switch whensaid speed is less than the determined amount.

19. Tn an electrical system, an engine, a magneto, means for creating amagnetic field in said magneto, said means including a battery adaptedto be electrically connected to field winding of the magneto, a secondgenerator, switch means for bringing the generative winding of thelatter generator into circuit with the battery, and

to having field windin means for U a magnetic field in the magneto,

saie means including a battery, means for maintaining the magnetic fieldafter the ma note has attained a determined speed, including a secondgenerator adapted to de liver current to the field windin of the p a 9 n1 magneto, and means ior bringing said generatm into circuit with thebattery.

22. in an electrical system, an engine, a

being started, the means including a 't ry, and said. magneto havingelectrially connected field windings in circuit with said battery.

23. In an electrical system, an engine, a magneto generator and meansfor insuring a dense field in said magneto when the engine is beingstarted, the means including a battery, and a generator having aninductive winding in circuit with said battery, said generator ane saidmagneto having electrically connected field windings in circuit withsaid battery 2%. in an electrical system, an engine, a magneto havingfield winding, means r'or creating a magnetic field in said magneto,said means including a battery, and means for maintaining the magneticfield after the magneto has attained a determined speed, including asecond generator adapted to (le liver current to the field winding ofthe magneto when the generator voltage exceeus that of the delivery fromthe battery.

In an electrical system, an engine, a magneto, means for creating amagnetic held in said magneto, said means including a battery, means formaintaining the magnetic field after the magneto has attained adetermined speed, including a second generator adapted to delivercurrent to the field winding of the magneto, and means for connectingthe generator in circuit with the battery when the voltage of saidgenerator exceeds that of the battery delivery.

26. In an electrical system, an engine, a magneto having field winning,means for creating a magnetic field in said magneto, said meansincluding a battery, means for maintaining the magnetic field after themagneto has attained a determined sneed, including a generator adaptedto deliver current to the field winding of the magneto,

1 in an electrical system, an engine, a

and means for connecting the generator in circuit with the battery Whenthe voltage 01' said generator exceeds the battery voltage, said meansbeing automatically dependent for operation upon the attainment of adetermined speed by the generator.

27. In an electrical system, an engine, a magneto having a fieldwinding, means for creating a magnetic field in the magneto, said meansincluding a battery, means for maintaining the magnetic field after themagneto has attained a determined speed, including a second generatoradapted to deliver current to the field Winding of the magneto, andmeans for connecting the generator in circuit with the battery when thevoltage of said generator exceeds that of the battery, and fordisconnecting the generator from the battery when the speed of thegenerator falls below a determined point.

28. In an electrical system, an engine, a magneto having a fieldWinding, means for creating a magnetic field in said magneto, said meansincluding a battery, a second generator adapted to deliver current tothe field winding of the magneto above a determined voltage, and meansfor connecting the second generator in circuit With the battery when thesaid generator attains a determined voltage.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

RICHARD VARLEY. lVitnesses M. A. KELLER, MARY A. Ban'rrr.

Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

